Terminology

OS related

OS - provides middleware, kernel, maintenance services

Middleware - allows for applications to communicate - layer between the applications layer and the OS

Kernel - handles with the hardware

OS - System Managers (pretty sure there is supposed to be 5)

Memory manager - handles allocated memory

Process manager - handles which program is running on the CPU

Device manager - handles messages between software and devices

File manager - handles access and reading and writing to files

Software related

Daemon - program loaded after boot time

System Call - a service provided by the OS

Interrupt

Interrupt - CPU operation is disturbed by a message saying a certain even has occurred

Exception or Trap - is a software called Interrupt, caused by: A. an error B. a program requesting a system call

Multiprogramming

Multiprogramming - running concurrently multiple programs at once

Process - a program in execution

While waiting for a process the CPU switches context

Bootstrap

Bootstrap program

• initial program run on boot-up

• initialises all aspects of the system

• knows how to loads the OS and Kernel

• CMOS (a form of memory that is always powered even when the pc is off) contains the BIOS

• the BIOS stores the configuration data for start-up

• stored on ROM as Firmware (software stored on hardware)