Because it is very hard to remember all of the ip addresses, of the websites you like to go to

'hosts' file on your computer stores names and their corresponding addresses

It is a dedicated server with the purpose of handing out IP addresses when it receives a domain name

Domain Name Service

DNS protocol

• You type in domain name

• Browser creates socket with DNS server (browser already knows the IP of DNS server)

• DNS server then looks up the domain name

• Your computer will then receive an answer

• Then your computer will then create a socket with the website that you want to connect to with a HTTP GET request

• Server responds with a HTTP OK, with the data

• Receive an IP packet

• Look at its destination IP in the header

• Compare IP to its routing table

• Defines 'next hop' for its given destination

Would be to have a destination, and its corresponding 'Next Hop'

This is bad because potentially 4.3 billion entries and what about IPv6

For a host

This is were you send all packets that are not address to a IP on your local network straight to the router

Yesish

The first half of an IP address describes the network

The second half describes the computing device within that network

It is a 32-bit binary number, that always starts with number of ones and ends in a number of zeros

The number of bits used for the network ID

They tell us how much of the IP address is allocated to the network address and how much is for the computer address, this means that the routing table can be smaller

network address number here . network address number here . network address number here . devices address number here

example: 245.134.26.27

Here the segments beginning with ones represent the parts of the IP address that is allocated to the network address

In the original internet - You could tell the mask of an address by it class, so if an address began with '10', it is class B, and is assumed to have a mask 255.255.0.0

This is defined when allocating addresses and routing tables

network-ID or network Mask prefix

host-ID suffix

The first 24bits are for the network ID

YES, therefore routers may have two ip addresses

essentially it represents a mask, so if a router has two network interfaces, that means it has to deal with two lans with different masks.

This is when a packet goes to a single computer

This is when packets will have the opportunity to be sent to all computers, however only the computers that want to receve the file will receive it

This is when the file is sent to all nodes on a network

IGMP

Internet Group Management Protocol