Introduction to computing technologies and boolean logic (week 1 level 0)
What is a computer
What makes a computer?
A computer is made up of a set of intergraded circuits
What is a integrated circuit made up of?
A integrated is made up of millions or even billions of logic gates
What makes logic gate?
A logic gate is made up of at least 2 transistors
Name some components of a PC
- CPU
- GPU
- RAM
- Some form of secondary storage
- Motherboard
Binary
Is the a circuit just on or off?
No,
it is a range of voltages, so for example a voltage above 1V maybe interpreted as on, and below 0.5V maybe off
What is the margin of error?
This is the point between the voltage that represents on or off, the voltage is ambiguous
What voltage tends to be 0 and 1?
1v to 1.5v = 1
0v to 0.5v = 0
in-between is not permitted
Transistors & gates
Draw a transistor?
The collector is connected to -v
The Base is like a input
The emitter is like a output
Draw the logic table of a transistor
Base Emitter
1 1
0 0
What are the 3 states of a transistor?
- Off
- On (active)
- On (saturated)
When would you use a saturated transistor?
You would use a saturated transistor in digital electronics
When would you use a active transistor?
You would use a active transistor in amplification
What is a gate made up of?
Multiple transistors
Draw NOT NAND NOR gates with transistors
Boolean logic
Who invented boolean logic?
George Boole
What is an inversion bubble?
This is group of inputs that have been negated
What is boolean logic used for?
It is used for manipulating 1s and 0s in a similar way to algebra
What do logic circuits do?
They manipulate and store these values
What do boolean expressions help us do?
They help us to design and express logic in a circuit
important!
Name all the gates
for each draw the logic diagram and the symbol
AND
Represented by a multiplication * or . or A(B)
OR
Represented with a +
NOT
represented with line over the expression
NAND
NOR
XOR
≠
XNOR
=
