lab 6&7

• Processing unit (including CU and ALU)

• Memory

• Input Output

Fetch - word is fetched from memory

Decode - the word is decoded, any operands are fetched

Execute - data is processed

Store - new data is stored in memory

This means that a computer can do everything a Turing machine can do;

this involves: infante memory, branching, goto

This is the cycle that the computer will take from boot up to shut down. The idea being that data is fetched from memory, decoded (what should the processing unit do and if a word is needed from memory fetch that), execute (a logical or numerical operation is performed on the data and it is then stored or output).

1. CPU

2. Memory

3. Buses & I/O

4. BIOS & Bus control circuity

North Bridge - connects the CPU to high speed devices such as the RAM and graphics controllers

South Bridge - connects the CPU to slower speed devices such as the perfiferal buses (PCI or ISA)

1. Location in or out of the CPU

2. Size of the memory

3. Speed

The CPU clock synchronises all the operations in the CPU, by emitting a seires of pulses and delays

The Multiplyer, will increase the internal clock speed, by a multiplcation of the external clock speed

When a operation is performed in-sequence however, multiple operations are perfrommed in parallel

The computers efficancy will increase because we are not waiting for the processor to operatate on one operation at a time

This is where a operation is being performed outside of the programs main thread

Machine code - is the most low level language and is made up of 1's and 0's

Assembly language - is a low level lanuage where each command can be converted directly to binary

High level lanuages - are the most similar to human lanuguage and for one command will be conveted to many lower level commands

Compiler -

Invented the first computer, however he never made it it was purely a prototype. It was mechanical, not electrical.

Created the first computer program, that she sent off to Charles Babbage in a set of notes

Created the Turing Machine, which was the first computer ever made, that solved the enigma code

Pushed forward the idea of using valves instead of electromechanical devices for computation. He had conducted research on how to make valves more reliable. He was the reason valves were used in colossus.

Invented the compiler

Coined the phrase debugging

Invented the first binary computer

Invented the binary system we use today with a mantissa and a exponent

Attempted to commercialise computing

A high powered computer in the mid 1970s, designed for high level languages

First computer that gained wide spread adoption by industry, 1980s

Made to decrypt the Lorenz cipher

First general-purpose digital computer, it was Turing complete

Considered to be the first super computer, with a clock speed of 100nanoseconds